Negotiation Tactics

Law of the Olympic Games Law 451D – Sec. 001 (4-Credit Seminar) Spring 2010 Administrative Information Professor Joseph Weiler Instructor: Ken Cavalier E-mail: [email  protected] ubc. ca E-mail: [email  protected] net Phone: 604 – 822 – 4246 Phone: 604 – 581 – 0261 Office: Curtis 221 Instructor: Arun Mohan Instructor: Brian Schecter E-mail: [email  protected] comE-mail: [email  protected] com Phone: 604 – 375 – 3901 Class Schedule: Tuesday: 2 – 5 pm Classroom: UCLL 173 (Lower Level of the Leon and Thea Koerner University Centre) Evaluation Term paper accounts for 2/3 of the final grade. a. Approximately a 30 – 40 page paper is expected. b. The paper is due on Friday, April 30 by 4:30 p. m. c. Papers must be handed in at the Fish Bowl (Reception) Desk in paper format, and e-mailed to Professor Weiler in Word format. Class participation accounts for 1/3 of the final grade. a. A portion of the class participation mark will be based on a discussion that will be led by a student-group and center on the topics delineated in the course schedule (next page). b. A portion of the mark will be based on a discussion outline that must be created and handed out to the class—preferably by e-mail—at least a week before your particular discussion. c. A portion of the mark will be based on participating in the other discussions. Course Materials Students will read from the Course Kit, which will emailed to everyone. In addition, in preparation for the weekly discussions, the class will read the discussion outlines prepared by their fellow students, as well as materials from the suggested readings listed in these outlines. These materials will be available online and/or on course reserve. Schedule The course will follow the schedule detailed below: Week 1January 5Introduction and Administration Week 2January 12Administration: Group Topic Organization Week 3 January 19 The Olympic Movement: Setting the Stage -History, goals, values, benchmarks Week 4January 26 The Bid Process — Fairness, scandals, checks and balances – — Lessons from previous bids Guest: Don Rosenbloom (2010 Bid Corp) Student Discussants: Andy Roy: [email  protected] com Jon Conlin: [email  protected] com Week 5 February 2 Citizen Engagement and the Olympics Plebiscites, interest groups/watchdogs, community activation and mobilization -Housing Impacts: Positive and/or Negative? Guests: Rob VanWynsberghe (UBC: OGI Project) and Brenda Metropolit (VANOC) Student Discussants: Samuel Loeb: [email  protected] com Christian Nielsen: [email  protected] com Week 6 February 9 Eligibility to Play / Judging of Events â €“ Use of Performance Enhancing Drugs, Illegal Drugs, – Gender equity: the Women Ski Jumpers Case – Disability – Nationality – ADR-Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) – Comparison with professional sports and tours Guest: Nick Hopewell (Sports Lawyer) Student Discussants: Alexis Marach: [email  protected] com Week 7February 16No Class due to Midterm Olympic Games Break Week 8February 23No Class due to Midterm Olympic Games Break Week 9March 2Building and Operating the Games – Operation of the labour market, wage inflation and building costs, regulation of work stoppages employment equity strategies, use of volunteers Guests: Brian Dolsen (2010 Bid Corp, 2010 Legacies Now) and Roslyn Kunin (Canada West Foundation) Student Discussants: Alia Somji: [email  protected] com Peter Thoegersen: [email  protected] dk Emilie Vingtoft-Andersen: [email  protected] com Week 10March 9Revenue Sources: Sponsorship – Trademarks and Sponsorship – Exclusivity – Sponsors as â€Å"Olympic Partners† – Ambush marketing Guest: tba Student Discussants: Chris Filipchuk: c. [email  protected] com Alexandra Tratnick: [email  protected] com Week 11March 16 Revenue Sources: Broadcast -Television, radio, videogames, Internet: Are they complementary or competitive properties and platforms? -Domestic rights, global rights, valuation strategies -Distribution of revenue: IOC and NOCs and OCOGs -Relation to sponsorship Guests: tba Student Discussants: Audrey Lim: audry. [email  protected] com Neil Spencer: [email  protected] a Week 12 March 23 Sustainability and the Olympic Games -The Triple Bottom Line of Sustainability: Economic, Environmental and Social Sustainability Guests: Linda Coady, Margaret Dickson (VANOC) Student Discussants: Alasdair Shaw: [email  protected] gla. ac. uk Week 14 March 30 Aboriginal Inclusion: the Fo ur Host First Nations as Olympic Partners Guest: Tewanee Joseph, Executive Director, Paul Manning (Senior Consultant) : Four Host First Nations (FHFN) Secretariat Student Discussants: Victor Ing: [email  protected] ubc. ca Gina Wu: gina. cy. [email  protected] com Week 14April 6 Olympic Legacies: 2010 Legacies Now Building Better Communities -Sport and Recreation, Literacy, Arts, Volunteers Guests: Bruce Dewar (2010 Legacies Now) Student Discussants: Robert Pinsent: [email  protected] com Week 15April 13Cultural Olympiad -Torch Relay, Opening and Closing Ceremonies -Relation between Cultural Olympiad and other media and entertainment products during Games time -Ambush marketing and citizen protests -Cultural legacies UBC’s Role in the Games Guests: Michelle Aucoin, UBC Olympic Secretariat Student Discussants: Course Wrap-Up April 30 (Friday)Paper Due at 4:30 p. m. Via E-mail to Professor Weiler and Hard Copy to Fishbowl Office Negotiation Tactics Law of the Olympic Games Law 451D – Sec. 001 (4-Credit Seminar) Spring 2010 Administrative Information Professor Joseph Weiler Instructor: Ken Cavalier E-mail: [email  protected] ubc. ca E-mail: [email  protected] net Phone: 604 – 822 – 4246 Phone: 604 – 581 – 0261 Office: Curtis 221 Instructor: Arun Mohan Instructor: Brian Schecter E-mail: [email  protected] comE-mail: [email  protected] com Phone: 604 – 375 – 3901 Class Schedule: Tuesday: 2 – 5 pm Classroom: UCLL 173 (Lower Level of the Leon and Thea Koerner University Centre) Evaluation Term paper accounts for 2/3 of the final grade. a. Approximately a 30 – 40 page paper is expected. b. The paper is due on Friday, April 30 by 4:30 p. m. c. Papers must be handed in at the Fish Bowl (Reception) Desk in paper format, and e-mailed to Professor Weiler in Word format. Class participation accounts for 1/3 of the final grade. a. A portion of the class participation mark will be based on a discussion that will be led by a student-group and center on the topics delineated in the course schedule (next page). b. A portion of the mark will be based on a discussion outline that must be created and handed out to the class—preferably by e-mail—at least a week before your particular discussion. c. A portion of the mark will be based on participating in the other discussions. Course Materials Students will read from the Course Kit, which will emailed to everyone. In addition, in preparation for the weekly discussions, the class will read the discussion outlines prepared by their fellow students, as well as materials from the suggested readings listed in these outlines. These materials will be available online and/or on course reserve. Schedule The course will follow the schedule detailed below: Week 1January 5Introduction and Administration Week 2January 12Administration: Group Topic Organization Week 3 January 19 The Olympic Movement: Setting the Stage -History, goals, values, benchmarks Week 4January 26 The Bid Process — Fairness, scandals, checks and balances – — Lessons from previous bids Guest: Don Rosenbloom (2010 Bid Corp) Student Discussants: Andy Roy: [email  protected] com Jon Conlin: [email  protected] com Week 5 February 2 Citizen Engagement and the Olympics Plebiscites, interest groups/watchdogs, community activation and mobilization -Housing Impacts: Positive and/or Negative? Guests: Rob VanWynsberghe (UBC: OGI Project) and Brenda Metropolit (VANOC) Student Discussants: Samuel Loeb: [email  protected] com Christian Nielsen: [email  protected] com Week 6 February 9 Eligibility to Play / Judging of Events â €“ Use of Performance Enhancing Drugs, Illegal Drugs, – Gender equity: the Women Ski Jumpers Case – Disability – Nationality – ADR-Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) – Comparison with professional sports and tours Guest: Nick Hopewell (Sports Lawyer) Student Discussants: Alexis Marach: [email  protected] com Week 7February 16No Class due to Midterm Olympic Games Break Week 8February 23No Class due to Midterm Olympic Games Break Week 9March 2Building and Operating the Games – Operation of the labour market, wage inflation and building costs, regulation of work stoppages employment equity strategies, use of volunteers Guests: Brian Dolsen (2010 Bid Corp, 2010 Legacies Now) and Roslyn Kunin (Canada West Foundation) Student Discussants: Alia Somji: [email  protected] com Peter Thoegersen: [email  protected] dk Emilie Vingtoft-Andersen: [email  protected] com Week 10March 9Revenue Sources: Sponsorship – Trademarks and Sponsorship – Exclusivity – Sponsors as â€Å"Olympic Partners† – Ambush marketing Guest: tba Student Discussants: Chris Filipchuk: c. [email  protected] com Alexandra Tratnick: [email  protected] com Week 11March 16 Revenue Sources: Broadcast -Television, radio, videogames, Internet: Are they complementary or competitive properties and platforms? -Domestic rights, global rights, valuation strategies -Distribution of revenue: IOC and NOCs and OCOGs -Relation to sponsorship Guests: tba Student Discussants: Audrey Lim: audry. [email  protected] com Neil Spencer: [email  protected] a Week 12 March 23 Sustainability and the Olympic Games -The Triple Bottom Line of Sustainability: Economic, Environmental and Social Sustainability Guests: Linda Coady, Margaret Dickson (VANOC) Student Discussants: Alasdair Shaw: [email  protected] gla. ac. uk Week 14 March 30 Aboriginal Inclusion: the Fo ur Host First Nations as Olympic Partners Guest: Tewanee Joseph, Executive Director, Paul Manning (Senior Consultant) : Four Host First Nations (FHFN) Secretariat Student Discussants: Victor Ing: [email  protected] ubc. ca Gina Wu: gina. cy. [email  protected] com Week 14April 6 Olympic Legacies: 2010 Legacies Now Building Better Communities -Sport and Recreation, Literacy, Arts, Volunteers Guests: Bruce Dewar (2010 Legacies Now) Student Discussants: Robert Pinsent: [email  protected] com Week 15April 13Cultural Olympiad -Torch Relay, Opening and Closing Ceremonies -Relation between Cultural Olympiad and other media and entertainment products during Games time -Ambush marketing and citizen protests -Cultural legacies UBC’s Role in the Games Guests: Michelle Aucoin, UBC Olympic Secretariat Student Discussants: Course Wrap-Up April 30 (Friday)Paper Due at 4:30 p. m. Via E-mail to Professor Weiler and Hard Copy to Fishbowl Office

Individualism in Gimpel the Fool and a Good Man Is Hard to Find

The Myth of the Sincere or Authentic Individual In Charles Taylor’s theoretical text, The Ethics of Authenticity, Taylor writes to evaluate the concepts of individualism. He believes that we can, and should, become conscious about what makes us who we are to effectively and sincerely choose which values or qualities to support. Using two short stories, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† by Flannery O’Connor and â€Å"Gimpel the Fool† by Isaac Bashevis Singer, alongside Taylor’s text and the application of his concepts, one can examine if the central characters function as true individuals who act for themselves, or act to fulfill a historically desirable niche in human nature. Flannery O’Connor’s 1953 short story â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find,† illustrates the story of a husband and wife, along with the grandmother and two children, who embark on a family road trip from Tennessee to Florida. Plot and character both unravel with the path of the family’s travel, revealing the archetypal characteristics of a traditional American family— annoying quirks and behaviors, back seat arguments between siblings; and the elderly, nitpicky, and proper grandmother. Following the greater part of the journey from Tennessee to Florida, the story ends with a final encounter with an escaped convicted murderer, The Misfit. The most prominent and perhaps easily scrutinized character from â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† is the grandmother. Being the central protagonist in O’Connor’s short story, she unfolds to be manipulative and self-involved, yet a prim and proper elderly woman. Throughout the text, the grandmother is continuously caught up in comparing her polished southern past to her disappointments of the present. She is entangled in her roots, appearing as a harmless chatterbox, aloof and amusing within her own progression. It is easy to forgive her for so much, including her innate racism— pointing at a â€Å"cute little pickaninny† from the car window as well as entertaining the children with a tale of â€Å"a nigger boy† (187) who scoffs a watermelon— and her overly sound opinions that she states matter-of-factly. Upon departure for Florida, she dresses herself in her Sunday’s best: dress, hat, and white cotton gloves all for the trip, so â€Å"in case of an accident, anyone seeing her dead on the highway would know at once that she was a lady† (186). She is filled with the prejudices and traditions of her class and time. The grandmother, even when faced with the foreshadowed confrontation with The Misfit, continues to present her historical and deeply rooted â€Å"lady-like† facade. Her talk with the Misfit begins as a manipulative attempt to save her own life, employing her refined techniques to persuade her killer. (Certainly, in her world, no decent man would â€Å"shoot a lady† (O’Connor 194). ) Her desperate attempts continue, trying further to charm The Misfit. â€Å"I know you’re a good man. You don’t look a bit like you have common blood. I know you must come from nice people! (O’Connor 192). The grandmother seems confident enough that her southern allure will win over the man as she has with all others; there is no resignation to the death she will soon face. Following the execution of the whole family, it is apparent to both the reader and the grandmother herself that death is imminent. Upon this realization, the woman experiences a revelation and attains the first unselfish sensibility displayed in the story. She finally ignores her idea of proper southern values in the face of death and reaches out to The Misfit. In an act of true sincerity, she simultaneously denounced her high moral standing and proclaimed acceptance of his character. In this state of disclosure â€Å"she murmured ‘Why you’re one of my babies. You’re one of my own children! ’† The woman â€Å"reached out and touched him on the shoulder. The Misfit sprang back as if a snake had bitten him and shot her three times through the chest† (O’Connor 195). The Misfit ends the powerful story by commenting on the grandmother’s unauthentic character: â€Å"She would have been a good woman†¦if it had been somebody there to shoot her every minute of her life† (O’Connor 195) The assessment of individuality of Flannery O’Connor’s character according to Charles Taylor’s text results with a misleading outcome. In The Ethics of Authenticity, Taylor states, â€Å"we live in a world where people have a right to choose for themselves their own pattern of life†¦to determine the shape of their lives in a whole host of ways that their ancestors couldn’t control† (Taylor 2). The character of the grandmother is developed along a permanent historical linear path of ancestral beliefs and ideals; she was never provided an opportunity to be self-aware and take shape of her own life. In Taylor’s terms, the woman has always been locked into her â€Å"great chain of Being,† adhering to her born role of a southern bourgeois woman that gives sense and meaning to life (Taylor 3). Never questioning her â€Å"natural† values and qualities, the grandmother conformed to the ideals of, but not limited to, race, class, religion, and society, that are inherit to her aristocracy. Up until this point, it is possible to say that the grandmother is an unauthentic individual. When faced with the grave situation involving death and her ultimate existence, the grandmother abruptly diverges from the consistent track of her character development. This divergence from the typical character in the face of death allowed the grandmother to have an authentic experience in her last seconds with her killer. â€Å"†¦The grandmother’s head cleared for an instant. She saw the man’s face twisted close to her own†¦ ‘Why you’re one of my babies. You’re one of my own children! ’† she admitted (O’Connor 195). This moment of true acceptance, sensitivity, and acknowledgement to others of different moral horizons reveals a brief moment of authentic individualism in the grandmother. In comparison to her overall persona for the entire plot, a glimpse of wholehearted moral relativism, or, according to Taylor, a mutual respect to morals and values apart from your own, can be read in the last few lines of the grandmother’s existence. In the fleeting moments of her life, she shed her â€Å"natural† identity, claiming true freedom from her inherited moral horizon. It is possible to say that in the last seconds of her life there was a transformative sense of character, the grandmother passed with the qualities of a true individual. Similar to O’Connor’s character, the character of Gimpel from Isaac Bashevis Singer’s 1953 short story â€Å"Gimpel the Fool† can be equally examined for traits and characteristics of an authentic individual. The ironic story tells the life account of Gimpel: narrator, Yiddish baker, an inhabitant of Eastern Europe, and the one who gets the last laugh (although that comes later). Gimpel, seemingly naive and gullible, is the subject of many tricks and insults from his village for taking everything at face value, but was he really a fool, or an authentic individual? I am Gimpel the fool. † is how he opens his story (Singer 300). He gives his own reason when he says, â€Å"What did my foolishness consist of? I was easy to take in† (Singer 301). His promiscuous wife is disloyal to their marriage throughout his lifetime, resulting in illegitimate children that Gimpel wanted to believe he fathered; his neighbors take unfair advantage of him, subject ing him to endless pranks and fallacies for cruel entertainment; and even the village rabbi conspires against Gimpel, placing him at the receiving end of everyone’s jokes. Gimpel is ultimately surrounded by lies and cynicism to his approach to life. The â€Å"foolish† qualities that are expressed through Gimpel on the exterior are not all that meets the eye. Aware of his surroundings and how his neighbors treat him, Gimpel chooses to keep an open mind, to see the good in the world, and not waste his time with the bad spirits of those who make fun with him. Although constantly deceived by his contemporaries, Gimpel is always willing to give the benefit of the doubt. If he â€Å"ever dared to say, ‘Ah, you’re kidding! there was trouble. People got angry† (301). He says, â€Å"to tell the truth, I knew very well that nothing of the sort had happened, but all the same, as folks were talking†¦Maybe something had happened. What did I stand to lose by looking? † (301). His open approach and acceptance of a possible truth to endless false claims and jokes show Gimpel to be not gullible and simple, but holds a prominent mo ral relativism; he is accepting and sincere to other’s qualities and values, however deceitful they may be. Ironically, it is the whole village that victimizes Gimpel that are the fools, and Gimpel who is the only non-fool. Gimpel didn’t believe more than half the things the people told him, yet he still went along with the deceits. Gimpel exemplifies a character that lacks an understanding of unnecessary anger, hatred, and bad tempers, and acts with a perceptive sense that belief is not a matter of proof but of will. From this perspective, Gimpel doesn’t appear to be so simple and foolish, on the contrary, instead man that fears missing an opportunity of believing something that may be true. Those who abuse Gimpel are the true fools them self, lacking the capacity to believe with Gimpel that everything is possible. This does not make him a fool because he believed the people, he knew for himself that none of the things said were anywhere near the truth. He believed because he wanted to believe. In conjunction with Charles Taylor, Gimpel maintains a heightened sense of awaren ess of his past to inform his present. The constant ridicule has shaped his view on life and despite the negative actions directed towards him, Gimpel is accepting to believe what others share with him. Its possible to say that he is still involved in a â€Å"great chain of Being,† but in context to the setting of the story these philosophies cannot fully apply. As a devout Jewish man, Gimpel lives his life with authentic and sincere individualism, while respecting the historic beliefs his society is based on that have not yet been shattered. In conclusion, the assessment of individuals with Charles Taylor’s text, whether fictional or physical, can result in a broad variety of assumptions based on the moral and historical background of a character. As seen with Flannery O’Connor’s character, the grandmother did not appear to be an authentic individual until the final moments of her life; however, the character of Gimpel maintained a strong individualist approach to his life throughout the majority of the text. The characters, as Taylor wrote, â€Å"†¦are called upon to be true to themselves and to seek their own self-fulfillment. What this consists of, each must, in the last instance, determine for him- or herself† (14). Without the author’s literary devices and plot structure to develop character, or a person’s absolute sense of being, the underlying individual cannot be accessed to live entirely for his or herself. Works Cited O’Connor, Flannery. â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find. † Literature: Reading Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. Ed. Robert DiYanni. Compact Edition. New York: Mc- Graw-Hill, 2000. 185-95. Print. Singer, Isaac Bashevis. â€Å"Gimpel the Fool. † Literature: Reading Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. Ed. Robert DiYanni. Compact Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000. 300-09. Print. Taylor, Charles. â€Å"Inescapable Horizons. † The Ethics of Authenticity. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 2002. 31-41. Print. —, â€Å"The Inarticulate Debate. † The Ethics of Authenticity. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 2002. 13-23. —, â€Å"The Sources of Authenticity. † The Ethics of Authenticity. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 2002. 25-9. —. â€Å"Three Malaises. † The Ethics of Authenticity. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 2002. 1-12.

Canons of Taxation

A good tax system is one which is designed on the basis of an appropriate set of principles (rules). The tax system should strike a balance between the interest of the taxpayer and that of tax authorities. Adam Smith was the first economist to develop a list of Canons of Taxation. These canons are still regarded as characteristics or features of a good tax system. Adam Smith gave following four important canons of taxation. 1. Canon of Equity The principle aims at providing economic and social justice to the people. According to this principle, every person should pay to the government depending upon his ability to pay. The rich class people should pay higher taxes to the government, because without the protection of the government authorities (Police, Defence, etc. ) they could not have earned and enjoyed their income. Adam Smith argued that the taxes should be proportional to income, i. e. , citizens should pay the taxes in proportion to the revenue which they respectively enjoy under the protection of the state. 2. Canon of Certainty According to Adam Smith, the tax which an individual has to pay should be certain, not arbitrary. The tax payer should know in advance how much tax he has to pay, at what time he has to pay the tax, and in what form the tax is to be paid to the government. In other words, every tax should satisfy the canon of certainty. At the same time a good tax system also ensures that the government is also certain about the amount that will be collected by way of tax. 3. Canon of Convenience The mode and timing of tax payment should be as far as possible, convenient to the tax payers. For example, land revenue is collected at time of harvest income tax is deducted at source. Convenient tax system will encourage people to pay tax and will increase tax revenue. 4. Canon of Economy This principle states that there should be economy in tax administration. The cost of tax collection should be lower than the amount of tax collected. It may not serve any purpose, if the taxes imposed are widespread but are difficult to administer. Therefore, it would make no sense to impose certain taxes, if it is difficult to administer. Additional Canons of Taxation v Activities and functions of the government have increased significantly since Adam Smiths time. Government are expected to maintain economic stability, full employment, reduce income inequality amp; promote growth and development. Tax system should be such that it meets the requirements of growing state activities. Accordingly, modern economists gave following additional canons of taxation. 5. Canon of Productivity It is also known as the canon of fiscal adequacy. According to this principle, the tax system should be able to yield enough revenue for the treasury and the government should have no need to resort to deficit financing. This is a good principle to follow in a developing economy. 6. Canon of Elasticity According to this canon, every tax imposed by the government should be elastic in nature. In other words, the income from tax should be capable of increasing or decreasing according to the requirement of the country. For example, if the government needs more income at time of crisis, the tax should be capable of yielding more income through increase in its rate. . Canon of Flexibility It should be easily possible for the authorities to revise the tax structure both with respect to its coverage and rates, to suit the changing requirements of the economy. With changing time and conditions the tax system needs to be changed without much difficulty. The tax system must be flexible and not rigid. 8. Canon of Simplicity The tax system shoul d not be complicated. That makes it difficult to understand and administer and results in problems of interpretation and disputes. In India, the efforts of the government in recent years have been to make the system simple. 9. Canon of Diversity This principle states that the government should collect taxes from different sources rather than concentrating on a single source of tax. It is not advisable for the government to depend upon a single source of tax, it may result in inequity to the certain section of the society; uncertainty for the government to raise funds. If the tax revenue comes from diversified source, then any reduction in tax revenue on account of any one cause is bound to be small.

Critical, Close Reading Suzanne Collins The Hunger Games Essay

Critical, Close Reading Suzanne Collins The Hunger Games - Essay Example The major strengths of this paper is the use of examples, drawn from the novel as well as real life examples on how authoritarian rule caused rebellion. However, the area I would like to improve on is the analysis section. One of the major themes identified in the novel is power. The main source of power is the authoritarian government that is situated in the Capitol. This is because the Capitol contains majority of the wealth of Panem (Egan and Suzanne, 10). The government also uses this city to control the citizens of Panem. This is by holding the hunger games, whereby teenagers are chosen from the 12 districts and forced to fight to death. The major aim of holding these games was to thwart any form of rebellion from the people. It was also aimed at creating divisions within the districts, and infighting amongst the members of the 12 Districts in Panem (Balkind, 33). This in turn would prevent the citizens of Panem from rebelling against the government. However, these games did not succeed in preventing the citizens of Panem from rebelling. This paper takes a stand that the authoritarian use of power is a motivating factor for rebellion. It identifies circumstances where the citizens of Panem rebell ed against the authorities of the Capitol. This is through the two civil wars that occurred in Panem, and the actions of Katniss Everdeen. Originally, the country of Panem had 13 districts, but due to the authoritarian rule of the Capitol, the first civil war emerged. This was referred to as the Dark Days rebellion, and it was led by the 13th district. However, during this war, district 13 was able to gain independence, and formed its own rule. This is because its military was advanced, and it had threatened to use nuclear weapons to destroy Capitol (Collins, 7). The Capitol and the 13th district signed a secret ceasefire deal that granted district 13 independence. During

E-Project - Business Analysis on Wawa Inc Research Paper - 1

E-Project - Business Analysis on Wawa Inc - Research Paper Example Although company has deep roots in history and it has a history of more than 200 years full of struggle and progression, however, the first convenience store was opened in 1964 (http://biz.yahoo.com). George Wood set up the first dairy store in Wawa, Pennsylvania in 1902. The Wood family still has a share in 52% of the company. The Convenience stores and Gas station industry has a worldwide competitive environment especially there is strong competition in United States. Wawa Inc is presently the leading company of the industry in U.S., however the company is facing serious challenges from several market rivalries like Royal Farms, Subway, Dunkin Donuts, 7-Elevn Inc, Sheetz, and Green Valley Acquisition etc. Royal Farms has shown a great progress in terms of providing fuel in a very clean environment and this category it is surpassing Wawa Inc as it is exceeding all Federal EPA necessities for cleanliness. Further, Royal Farms has controlled the market of Mid-Atlantic region by providing high class beverages. Wawa Inc has experienced the Subway as a very strong competitor in food industry. More than $16.2 billion strategic assets and 35625 restaurants in about 98 countries across the world are the real strength of Subway which has reduced the market capitalization of Wawa in some states (http://www.subway.c om). As compared to Wawa Inc, Dunkin Donuts has a global sphere of operations. It has about 9800 stores in more than 30 countries. It has dominated the consumer market from Wawa Inc as about 6700 Dunkin Donuts branches, offering 52 varieties of donuts and a dozen of coffee beverages, are operating in 35 states of USA (http://www.dunkindonuts.com). Basically Wawa Inc has been affected by its rivalries due to their strong strategic installation on global as well as national scale. The activities and peak of convenience stores and gas station industry is generally characterized by peaceful

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Homicide Investigation - Essay Example The corresponding homicide rates, which compare the total number of homicides to population figures, indicate that in 1960 there were 5.1 murders for every 100,000 U.S. citizens. By 1993, the rate had risen to 9.5.1 (Regini). Homicide certainly is a chief social problem in a society where violence is prevalent. The dramatic rate increase enthuse law enforcement efforts to intensify methodical homicide investigation. Traditional techniques reinforced and fortified with technological advancements and modern approaches aim to foster the progress of complex homicide cases. This subject matter appeals to me for the reason that I intend to pursue this line of work upon graduation. It is my conviction that this endeavor is a noble profession that is valuable and significant to society. Although homicide is distressing and tragic in nature, the pursuit of justice for the victims and surviving families is definitely a dignified career. That objective alone establishes a sufficient motivation for me to go through this challenge. Some may view homicide investigation as stressful, demanding and non-lucrative occupation. Nevertheless, there is no better reward than to be regarded as someone of service to the community wherein we and our loved ones are living in. I am aware that being a professional homicide investigator carries with it a great responsibility and requires utmost devotion and determination. It is my aspiration to gain knowledge and expertise in investigative strategies to become a successful homicide investigator. RESEARCH The Law of Homicide has the most complex degree (grading) system of any area in Criminal Law (The Law). In order to properly exercise practical scientific homicide investigation, it is imperative to first be familiar with the definition of homicide itself. Primitive legal codes defined homicide as taking the life of a human being and included suicide. As the legal system evolved, suicide was excluded and homicide became "the killing of one person by another." (Allen and Simonsen 1998, p. 615). Generally, if a person is accountable for the death of another person, that is classified as homicide. There was even a controversy whether abortion can be deemed as homicide: The differentiation between abortion and homicide has not always been so clear-cut. Some people consider a fetus to be a human being from the moment of conception, whereas others are more liberal in their beliefs. The debate over the line between human being and nonhuman being, with regard to abortion, is a continuous issue, but the U.S. Supreme Court's January 1973 Roe v. Wade decision eliminated the act, especially in the first trimester of pregnancy, from the definition of homicide. At the start of the twenty-first century, forty states and the District of Columbia prohibited (except in rare circumstances) abortions after the fetus becomes viable (i.e., capable of surviving outside the mother on its own)-generally after the twenty-seventh

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Project Management - Communication Plan - Assignment Example The estimated price for the infrastructure needed for the ten floor building is highly fluctuating, thus we cannot put a solid price tag. As the project manager, I have seen it necessary to have the Complete Streets framework inclusive. This will set an idea that can be backed by the whole community where the building will be located. This sets a structure that can create support for ABC Tech employees and all who want safe, livable urban environments (Barnlund, 2008). Value message: The building will function effectively for all involved users – ABC Technology, Inc. technical employees, their families and clients. However, some roadways throughout the surrounding will have to be worked on to ensure that they are safe. The Ask: Coming up with a clear design and implementation procedures in place so as to ensure that all the building procedure and the necessary tools, equipments and personnel are at a position of offering quality service. Vision message: Once I manage to do this as the project manager, the ABC Technology, Inc. building will be one of its kind, as it would be both a business and residential hub offering comfort and luxury for both the families of the technical employees and the ABC Technology, Inc. clients they will be

Federalism and State Powers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Federalism and State Powers - Essay Example The original federal government not only had little authority over confederate states and their activities such as commerce, the system had no court system and taxation powers. Essentially, the confederation was a loose union of politically sovereign governments, with each state having a free hand in regulating own commercial activities and having independent courts structures. The hindrances of the fragmented nature of the government with respect to national political and economic growth soon dawned on many Americans. As such, a reevaluation was thus necessary and so a Constitutional Convention was called in 1787 to restructure the government and harmonize functioning of the national and state economies. Finally, the â€Å"Great Compromise† was struck paving the way for federalism as the basis for governmental control. In the spirit of the US Constitution, Federalism is a dual system of sovereignty in which power was to be split between the central government and state govern ments. The agreement set fourth the United States Constitution as the Supreme law of the land with elaborate federal power system of shared responsibilities. (U.S. Const., Art. VI, cl. 2). Both levels of governments were to have a direct influence over the US citizenry through officials and enacted laws in both levels of governance. Noteworthy, changes in the constitutions governing the conduct of both the federal and state governments had to be consultative to promote magnanimity referred to in the superior laws. Articles I to VI of the supreme law basically define powers of the national government putting restrictions on what states’ spheres of influence. Accordingly, only the national government has authority to coin money, govern Indian tribes, conduct foreign relations, raise armies and a navy and declare war whenever necessary. Concerning the court system hitherto a thorn before the ratification of the constitution, only the Supreme Court was elaborately named in the US Constitution. Establishment of other federal courts fell under the powers of Congress. Declared under Article VI of the Constitution, the US constitution is the supreme law governing every aspect of governance in the entire nation. It apportions certain distinct powers to the federal government (enumerated powers) effectively limiting state powers to avoid conflict of interest. However, it also reserved other powers to the respective states (literally known as reserved powers). While State governments derive their authority from the people as outlined in their respective constitutions, the ratification of the United States Constitution basically transferred certain powers to the federal government effectively limiting state powers with respect to certain areas of policy action. According to the Tenth Amendment, â€Å"all powers not delegated to the federal government nor prohibited to the states were retained by the states.† Accordingly, states retained â€Å"police power" to enact laws governing health and safety, and those required to enhance economic welfare of the citizenry. Both levels of governments hold overlapping powers in certain areas. In general, issues regarding public security in terms of crime control, education, public health services, transport systems, and the general infrastructure are primarily state responsibilities. Nevertheless, all of these

Domestic violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Domestic violence - Essay Example It is important to note that there has been a wide spread outcry from the public as well as the leaders on the status of domestic violence in the societies. The trend of the domestic violence in the homes has also been noted to be on the increase. On the contrary, there have been significantly little measures that have been put forward for the management of the cases. The program will have its aims at encouraging the present two-way police training awareness. This will be carried out in conjunction with the on-going debates on the. Subsequently, there exist four on-going projects on the PAHT projects across the state. The program shall be developed with regard to the current finding on the various studies that have been carried out. Some of the studies that shall be taken into consideration are like the Domestic Violence as observed in the child protection systems. Domestic Violence actions and resources and also the Aboriginal as well as the Torres straits islander women’s taskforce on violence report, 2010. On the other hand, the program that is intended to carry out the initiative is well developed with a board of members that is elected on annual basis. Additionally, there are various trained councillors who are always available, but seemingly the number has been way too down for the cases that have been received, hence the need of training more volunteers. The project will be committed on focusing on its objectives as have been described; which is majorly dealing with the elimination of domestic violence in the state. The initiative will have the sole responsibility of taking into consideration of the plight of the women and children who might be victims of domestic violence. As such, the project can be described to have two major components; communal outreach and perpetrator rehabilitation. On the other hand, the services that shall be geared towards the communal outreach shall be responsible for

Spiritual Needs Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Spiritual Needs Questions - Essay Example With the information collected from the investigation, policies and guidelines should also be formulated to help in the implementation of care that is sensitive to these needs. From the above findings, it is clear that there are major spiritual beliefs and inclinations that patients hold that affect the health management of the patients in hospital settings. The above assessment indicates that the reasons that are given by the patients may not make medical sense but remain patients’ rights in the holistic management of the patients. The assessment tool included the religious affiliation to identify the varied nature of religious beliefs that are held owing to differences in the beliefs of Muslims, Christians, Indians and other religions. Equally, different denominations within the same religions also have different beliefs like Protestants and Catholics in Christians. The other questions in the assessment tool were aimed at assessing the knowledge and attitude of the patients to their own beliefs. From the above assessment, the patient appeared to have a good grip of the requirements that her belief system require. The attitude of the patients is that she has a predisposition and liking for these beliefs. In turn, these cause the patients attitude to be negative towards many health practices. The tool also included a question that was aimed at assessing the attitude of the health practitioner towards the spiritual dispositions of the patients. Evidently, most health practitioners are not concerned with the spiritual beliefs of the patients and how they affect their recovery. It is evident that there were no questions allowing the validation of the information given by the patient. The reason is that the tool of assessment did not have a prelude of the religion and the denomination of the patient. As such, all the information obtained is given on the assumption of truth telling on the part of the patient and that the patient adequately knows the

Womens Day Essay Example for Free

Womens Day Essay Have you ever given a thought that why is the International Women Day Celebrated for? No? No problem. Carry on reading as it’s going to get interested ahead. Do you know when the first International Women Day came into existence? Just 101 years before. You must be thinking why is that? So listen the women did not had the same right as nowadays. They were majorly being a victim of violence, they were the main victim of poverty and lack of education, and they had no rights at all, not even a right to vote can you imagine that? The women were considered as a minority in every aspect of life than men. Don’t you think that was wrong? You’re 100% correct. These thoughts became the main reason for Women to fight for their rights when they worked as team to battle for their journey towards equality between both genders. Where did I go on International Women Day? 8th March is the official date to celebrate this interesting day all around different nations so how come you can even imagine me sitting home and watching t.v. As a young Women myself I attended an inspiring seminar on 8th March 2013 (International Women’s Day) at Olswang, London. The building was really a beautiful piece of art though they didn’t allow us to take a photo inside (Bad luck). We were given an ID badge as security purposes and we followed staff towards the meeting room with seated brilliant and successful women who looked superb as well and not to forget few men were seated there as well. Until now you may be thinking now it’s going to be boring right? Not really! What was exciting about the day? It wasn’t really a meeting or a lecture. We started with a mouth-watering variety of snacks and drinks and sat on our assigned seats with other college and school students. To give a side kick to the formality among the group members they assigned each table with a challenge of building the highest tower with the marshmallows and the bamboo sticks. My team mates started with bursting energy by pouring drink on the table. We didn’t won but had fun in it. The Guest speakers that came there were all very talented and they shared their golden experience of life and the hard works that they went though to become successful but the good thing is that they all were very happy and satisfied in their lives. They all belong to different fields i.e. police, doctor, media, recruitment sector, banking and much more. There words and the way they presented it was very motivational and it gave me a power to go beyond the limits, touch the sky and make the best of both world. That’s how this beautiful day ended up with some open chat with each other on a cuppa and cookies. We also got goodie bags specially selected for Women. Always Remember in Mind: There isn’t any minority or majority as in gender if you don’t agree then sorry to say but you need to fix those lose screws pal. There isn’t anything that the Women can’t do. You just have to learn to find your inner potential and need to trust in yourself because you are the world for yourself.

Macbeth sountrack Essay Example for Free

Macbeth sountrack Essay In act 1 scene 5 is when Lady Macbeth found out the news about how Macbeth would become the Thane of Cawdor and king for the witches. I chose the song â€Å"I Want It All† by Queen to represent this scene. Part of the songs lyrics are â€Å"I want it all, I want it all, I want it all, and I want it now†. Lady Macbeth heard the news that he would be king and she right away wanted to accomplish that. She didn’t want to wait but instead she take the steps necessary to make Macbeth king as soon as possible. In act 1 scene 6 is when the king and others arrive at Macbeth’s castle to stay the night. I chose the song â€Å"Let Em In† by Paul McCartney to represent this scene. The songs lyrics are â€Å"Someones knockin at the door, somebodys ringin the bell, do me a favor, open the door and let em in†. This perfectly describes that scene because when King Duncan arrives Lady Macbeth is there to let them in. She already has a plan figured out for them and can’t wait to execute it. In act 3 scene 4 I chose the song â€Å"I’m Going Slightly Mad† by Queen to represent this scene. In the scene Macbeth is having a dinner party and notices that all the seats are taken. When he sees that his seat is taken by the ghost of Banquo he starts talking to the ghost who is invisible to everyone else. The lyrics â€Å"I’m going slightly mad† describe how Macbeth was acting really strange and made the guests question him. The ghost later came back and made Macbeth have an outburst again alarming the guests which sent them home. A symbol that is portrayed in this play is the weather. The weather plays a role in which if something bad is coming up a storm might appear. The song â€Å"The Thunder Rolls† by Garth Brooks reminds of when the witches would enter and a storm would move in. Also the night that Duncan got murdered, a terrible storm came in that night indicating that something bad happened. These natural occurrences are hints to the audience that something isn’t right and the song does a good job of describing a thunder storm. In act 1 scene 7 is when Lady Macbeth told Macbeth to be a man and kill Duncan. â€Å"When you durst do it, then you were a man; And to be more than what you were, you would; Be so much more the man†. I chose the song â€Å"I’ll Make a Man out Of You† from the movie Mulan. This song is about training men to become manlier and this is what Lady Macbeth wanted Macbeth to do. She wanted him to become manlier and do what she tells him. I chose the song â€Å"Tragedy† by the Bee Gees to describe the whole play. The genre of this play is tragedy and this song describes â€Å"when you lose control† of everything. Macbeth took things too far and lost everyone that was close him. The lyric â€Å"With no one beside you, you’re goin’ nowhere† reminds when Lady Macbeth died then he really didn’t have anyone else. Since he had no one with him for support, the only way he could go was down.

Trifles by Susan Glaspell Essay

Trifles by Susan Glaspell Essay The play Trifles emphasizes the culture-bound notions of gender and sex roles, specifically, that women were confined to the home and that their contributions went unnoticed and were underappreciated. This play is also about how we pursue the truth, interpret and explain it, and how we value it. As the title of the play suggests, the concerns of women are often considered to be mere trifles, unimportant issues that bear little or no importance, while the real work was carried out by the men. This play questions the value of men and womens perspectives by going through the crime scene, where a woman is being accused of killing her husband, where the different genders take on opposite views of trying to understand the accused widows motives. The play starts off with the neighbor, Mr. Hale, telling his account of what he knew about the murder of Mr. Wright. Mr. Hale went over to the Wrights house to try and convince his neighbor to install a telephone so that they all could receive the service. He knew that Mr. Wright would be a tough sale because Mr. Hale had previously approached him to set up one and Mr. Wright right out refused to buy one. So Mr. Hale decided that he would go to the house and try to sell Mr. Wright into going ahead and getting one by propositioning him in front of Mrs. Wright, hoping that in some way she would convince her husband to do it. But, when Mr. Hale got to the house and knocked on the door, no came. So Mr. Hale continued to knock and finally heard a voice inside that said to come in. When he walked in he saw a disheveled Mrs. Wright sitting in her rocking chair, unphased by the presence of her neighbor she sat there ignoring him until he asked to see Mr. Wright. She said you cant see him. Confused he asked if he was there and she said yes, and then said he was dead. He asked how and she said by a rope on his neck. Mr. Hale shocked by this asked where and she pointed upstairs, as if it was unimportant. When he hurried upstairs and discovered the body of Mr. Wright as Mrs. Wright described and called the authorities. When they show the men have their wives with them to look through the crime scene. The men and the women have two very different reasons for being there-the men, to fulfill their obligations as law professionals, the women, to prepare some personal effects to carry to the imprisoned Mrs. Wright. The man that talked to Mrs. Wright tells the sheriff she is only worried about her preservative jars being broken because of the cold weather. The county attorney goes over to a shelf in a kitchen and announces there is a mess where her fruit had frozen, breaking the jars well, can you beat the women! Held for murder and worryin about her preserves to which Hale replies, women are used to worrying over trifles Mrs. Wright was worried about her preservatives because she worked hard for them and that was something she really cared about that was about the only thing that her husband allowed her to do. Her husband already forced her to quit her passion of singing in the choir. The two women in the room move closer to one another as the county attorney goes around the kitchen, making comments that belittle the women in terms of how they are only concerned with tiny things that relate to their kitchen. The women do stand for her, not necessarily because they were good friends of Mrs. Wright but because they understand the nature of farm life. It becomes clear at this point that the women notice things that the men dont, for all their criticisms. They see that Mrs. Wright had bread set, for instance, an important detail that marks what she was doing before the event. They remember when she was Minnie Foster and see how sad her life was, presumably because her husband was an unpleasant man. The women wonder if she did it, but Mrs. Hale says no because she was worried about trifles (mocking what the men had said) such as her preserves and apron and they dont seem to think that the ordinary things she was doing beforehand show any signs of anger or sudden extreme emotion. The two women are also bothered by the fact that it seems the men are sneaking around her house while shes locked up in town and do not like the way they criticize her housekeeping skills, especially since she didnt have time to clean up. The women are standing over Mrs. Wrights pattern of a log cabin quilting project and wondering if she was going to knot or quilt it and the men laugh at this. However, what the men dont realize is this trifle that they are thinking about, the quilt, reveals a very important piece of evidence. Most of the quilt discussed is very neat and perfect but all of a sudden there is a piece that is all over the place proving that Mrs. Wright was not her usual careful self, which proves the point that she was in distress while she was quilting at that place in time. Mrs. Hale moves the stitching about to make it look better, she is more conservative and assured that the men have the best intentions. As she looks for a piece of string the two women encounter a birdcage that looked as if it had been forcibly opened due to the immense damage to it. The birdcage is an important find in the play because although the women remember someone selling canaries, they dont remember her having a bird or a cat that might have gotten to it but they do remember that in her younger days, as Minnie Foster, she used to sing like a pretty bird but stopped doing so when she married her husband. Before more about this is explored the women discuss how they should have come over to Mrs. Wrights house more often, how without children and with a husband who always worked and was bad company when he was at home, it must have been lonely for her. The women are getting ready to take the quilt with them and look for scissors and find a box. In it they find the bird with an obvious broken neck, like someone strangled it forcefully showing motive that since her husband killed her bird, about the only thing Mrs. Wright had left that she loved, she couldnt take the abuse anymore and just snapped killing her husband. The womens way of knowing leads them not simply to understanding; it also leads to the decision about how to act on that knowledge. At this point the County Attorney enters and asks (probably mocking them) if they thought Mrs. Wright planned on knotting or quilting it and they reply that she was going to knot it an obvious metaphor for the crime. In another metaphor, the Attorney asks about the bird, if a cat got it, which they reply was the case. The cat in this metaphor is Mr. Wright. Mrs. Peters tells a short beginning of a story about a boy who took a hatchet to her kitten which alludes to the fact that she would understand how Mrs. Wright would feel if Mr. Wright killed her bird. They could understand how still and lonely it would be without the sound of a bird for comfort which prompts Mrs. Hale to say something about her baby that died and how it was the same feeling. A result of understanding, the women are able to gain power the wives themselves having been devalued all their lives, for their low status allows them to keep quiet at the plays end. Because the men do not expect the women to make a contribution to the investigation, they are disinterested in the womens views or about their valuable findings, that solved the murder case, because they are seen unimportant they are able to hide the evidence of Mrs. Wrights motive. The wives see themselves as guilty of a crime since they never came to see Minnie and they take the box with the bird and put it in their purse. Then the men enter and say Mrs. Wright was, indeed, planning on knotting it knowing that she did kill her husband but they dont have the evidence to back it up. I believe that Mrs. Wright was pushed so far by her emotionally abusive husband that she couldnt take it anymore and had a nervous breakdown. Once she snapped, she killed her husband the way that he had been slowing killing her all those years through the marriage and also the way that he horribly killed her canary. Mrs. Wright has all the classic signs of having schizophrenia. She was detached from emotion, I believe she didnt realize what she was actually doing at the time, she gave one word answers, and showed signs of distress.

roman architecture Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The city of Rome has many of the great architectural feats of the ancient world. Many of these buildings and other assorted structures, although they were built around 2000 years ago, are still standing and even in use. At the start of Roman history, they imported their marble from another great ancient city; Greece. However, they did eventually find quarries in northern Italy that held an abundance of white marble. This marble helped them become the great architectural city that we see even in present times.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Later on, in the first century AD, the Romans began to use concrete in greater use. The architects of Rome used this concrete to make many structures including domes, arches, and vaults. They added bricks to these structures to improve the strength of the building. After adding the bricks, they put on an extra layer of marble for decoration.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the biggest improvements that the Romans made in architecture was the invention of the arch. These arches added a great amount of weight to the structure. To help support this weight, the Romans invented a type of building material that is called a keystone block. The force on top of the arch was directed down to this keystone block. Because of the shape of the keystone block, this force was then pushed through the voussoir blocks that formed the top of the arch. The force then went through the impost and the piers, finally ending up at ...

Why Is The Crucible So Called Essays -- Essay on The Crucible

How is 'The Crucible' appropriately titled? The word 'crucible' is used by Arthur Miller in his play as a metaphor. The first definition of the word crucible is: a melting pot especially for metals. In the play this is first acknowledged during the first act, as we gradually piece together the information concerning the girls dancing. The 'kettle' viewed by Reverend Parris mirrors a crucible. We are told that the girls had made a brew which contained a little frog and blood is therefore viewed by the characters involved as a potent, fearsome mixture and this signifies the beginning of the Salem tragedy. It seems that from this 'brew' a more sinister force is released. The dancing and the contents of the little pot seem to fuel the rumours, lies and tragedy of Salem. From this point onwards, lies which in turn arouse suspicion ending ultimately in the destruction of the Salem community. Even in the next part of the play we observe Tituba create and elaborate lies which is the first we see of the evil which is unleashed by the w itch hunt. There was very little privacy in Salem mainly because the fact that it was a theocracy and crimes were an offence not only against God but also against the community. Therefore there was pressure for neighbours to reveal other's sin. The desire for privacy makes one suspect others because if they do not convict others it looks as if they themselves might have something to hide. It is ironic that Reverend Parris says that the witchcraft investigation might reveal the source of all the community's problems 'Why, Rebecca, we may open up the boil of all our troubles today' because in the end the witchcraft investigation provokes the burning down and destruction of the community. The witch trials are also metaphorically a melting pot, again, for people's grudges, and their seeking of revenge. The play shows us also how people can give into their fear and superstition. The trials are not really about witchcraft, Abigail admits to John in private how the witchery is a hoax 'We were dancing in the woods last night and my uncle leaped out on us. She took fright, is all'. As she says this she is confident and relates the situation with a wicked air of control. This not to say people in Salem do not believe in the supernatural. Although many people in The Crucible believe in witches, many Salem residents simply take advantage of the... ...d but felt very strongly about only taking responsibly directly for his actions and refused to ruin others. He said during his trial 'I could not use the name of another and bring trouble on him… I take the responsibility of everything I have ever done, but I cannot take the responsibility for another human being. Proctor acted very similarly in his trial he said 'I speak my own sins; I cannot judge another'. Proctor and Miller were could see beyond the hysteria concerning ridiculous accusations and were not prepared to betray others to save themselves. In conclusion the Crucible is linked to the play both metaphorically, directly and historically. It is an interesting fact that a crucible is a melting pot especially for metals because the word metals has a homophone, mettle which means natural ardour, spirit, strength or courage. These are some of the qualities John Proctor displays towards the end of the book as his mettle is tested and purified. The title is relevant to most of the themes and issues that the play explores. The title is very effective due the fact it is provocative and encourages one to reflect on the play, its meaning and also its contemporary truth.

America Needs a Complete Smoking Ban Essay -- Should smoking be banned

Approximately 7,500 infants die due to sudden infant death syndrome due to exposure of secondhand smoke in America (â€Å"American Lung Association†). Children all over the United States are unwillingly exposed to parental secondhand smoke in public, in cars, and at home. When children are exposed to secondhand smoke, many develop life threatening diseases later in life as a result of that exposure. In the United States, smoking should be banned while in the presence of children. Children’s lungs are vulnerable to the effects of secondhand smoke, and this can cause serious problems down the road. Some states have already banned smoking in public and others are in the process. Secondhand smoke exposure has the possibility of causing nicotine dependence in adolescent (nicotine dependence in Children). Secondhand smoke can cause diseases in the lungs of children which can be long-term. There are three examples of diseases in children that include asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pneumonia. Asthma, being the most common, is a chronic disorder which causes the host to cough, wheeze, have a shortness of breath, and chest pains (â€Å"WebMd† Asthma.) Living with asthma is very common; many people can live perfectly normal lives with the disease. Another illness caused by secondhand smoking is COPD. Symptoms include COPD flare ups, shortness of breath, buildup of mucus, weight loss, and in some cases the host’s skin will turn a shade of blue. There are four stages to COPD which are mild, moderate, serious, and very serious in which the symptoms progressively become worse as you go from stage to stage ("WebMd COPD.") A third disease is pneumonia which violently attacks the respiratory system. Symptoms include rapid ... ...ndhand Smoke." American Lung Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Mar. 2015. . "Symptoms and types." WebMd. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Mar. 2015. . "COPD Symptoms and types." WebMd. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Mar. 2015. . "Pneumonia Symptoms and types." WebMd. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Mar. 2015. . Bell, Kirsten, Salmon Amy, and Darlene McNaughton. "Smoking around children and childhood overnutrition." 19.2 (2009): 15. Web. 2 Mar. 2015. "second-hand smoke may trigger nicotine dependence symptoms in kids." NewsRx Health & Science 19 Oct. 2008: 195. Health Reference Center Academic. Web. 28 Mar. 2015.

Humorists in Society Essay

Humorists have played a substantial part in any society for as long as everyone can remember. Whether it’s your common, light-hearted comic or the one who’s trying to rebel and prove a certain point with humor, there will always be someone idolizing them. For instance, in his book Status Anxiety, Alain De Botton declared that humorists play an absolute vital role in our society because they are able to avoid otherwise dour consequences. While I believe that Botton’s logic is correct in many examples such as television comics and editorial cartoonists, there are also just as many other examples to prove how humorists are not completely vital. Television comedians do indeed avoid consequences by masking their underlying message with humor. A perfect example is the crew and hosts of Saturday Night Live. They are able to successfully take real life scenarios and manipulate them into their carefully planned skits, whether it’s about Barack Obama, other political figures, or any number of controversial current events; the cast and crew are able to dodge any repercussions because of their humorous effect. Not only do people use shows like Saturday Night Live as meaningless entertainment, but, if I have to guess, a lot of people also end up gaining valuable knowledge about what may be happening around the world. This assumption could be used to support Botton’s vitality point, considering many people don’t watch the news or make an effort to learn about current events, so one could conclude that these comical television shows are vital to society in order to act as a news casting show. While this might make sense initially, it also helps disprove Botton’s opinion. Because these shows use humor to get their point across, it is also skewing what actually may be happening for comical purposes, so while people may be gaining knowledge, they’re actually gaining a biased, misrepresented view to the situation. Among the many types of humorists included with the television comics, editorial cartoonists are yet another prominent group who use humor to represent current events, without being penalized for their controversial views. These cartoonists use visual stimuli to provoke a laugh from their viewers; they distort the appearance of people, recount sensitive issues in a entertaining way, and use subliminal messages to get their opinion out to  the public. Many of these editorial cartoonists aren’t penalized because they submit their work to an online board anonymously or they already have a â€Å"superior† reputation where nobody wants to create a dispute with them, but furthermore, these cartoonists aren’t penalized because the way they depict these events are within a common agreement of their viewers. Now there may be a plethora of types of humorists who don’t receive repercussions, but contrary to Alain de Botton’s reasoning, humorists are not absolutely necessary to our society. They may be able to successfully reach the public in an entertaining way to promote topical situations, however, humorists are not the only type of people who act to spread their opinions. Granted, humorists may be the only ones who don’t receive consequence, but activists, editorial columnists, and certain types of criminals all act in the same way many humorists do: advocating their opinions to the public. Activists create campaigns, go on strikes, and create public awareness to a certain incident; editorial columnists skillfully write a column and post it for anyone on the internet to access; certain criminals even commit their crimes in order to rebel against an unjust law. These examples all disprove Botton’s reasoning, humorists aren’t vital because there will alw ays be other people creating a public awareness to whatever may be inequitable. According to author Alain de Botton, humorists play a vital function in our society because they are able to say things that otherwise may be dangerous or impossible to say directly, as stated in his 2004 book, Status Anxiety. I personally believe his logic has its faults and strengths; while television comics and cartoonists may avoid these dangerous consequences, they are not the only ones to promote current events to the public, such as activists and editorial columnists. But regardless, it is well known by everyone how humorists have made a huge contribution to society for ages.

Comparison of Essays by James Baldwin and Eric Foner

The individualism Ameri john English What makes you an individual and an Ameri behind? The mood of what qualifies a psyche as an Ameri shadower is very vague. Eric Foner, in his oblige Who is an American? describes the idea of what qualifies a person as an American has changed over the years. in that location once was a time w here(predicate) the unless people who were American citizen were white males that posterior became that all told people living in the United States had the qualification of becoming a citizen. There atomic number 18 several particularors, including twain fundamental and overt, that affect idea who qualifies as a citizen.Overt factors such as if you are here legally or if you give your citizenship certificate to more underlying factors manage what you look like or if you can speak English. crowd Baldwin in his rise If Black English Isnt a Language, Then Tell Me, What Is explains how the English he and his people speak is what qualifies them as i ndividuals. exit on to say that, with out the quarrel that they used to communicate with each opposite their survival would not wee been possible.Both Eric Foner and James Baldwin talk closely individuality and identicalness in their articles and arguing that the identity operator of a person is what gives the person their granting immunity and conversance. Eric Foner states Americans debates slightly the bases of our national identity reflect a larger contradiction in the westward traditions itself. For if the West, as we are frequently reminded, created the idea of liberty as a general human right, West also invented the concept of scat and ascribed to it predictive powers about human way (Foner 141).Foner implies America, as a whole, is a different country the thought of each of all American belonging to a single, include group, is somewhat illogical. All American have different need and wants, different goals and ambitions, and cant all enjoy the very(prenomina l) liberty because of their race. Baldwin agrees with that saying, The brutal honor is that the bulk of the white people in America never had any take in educating black people, except as this could serve white purposes. Baldwin 3) Baldwin gives a unique(predicate) example of how a race oppress another race and how the race entirely when was a factor of why on that point wasnt equality in the exemption received by the people. The identity that Baldwin grounds here is of a young black babe who has lived to tough times in life. The lone(prenominal) way he allow be able to obtain the same immunity as a white claw is with the education, that the black child can only receive from white adults, who only want to use the black child for their own benefit.Even with the freedom the child was promised through the education he would still be a slave to someone or something else. Foner and Baldwin also agree on the fact that African American always excluded from the citizens of th e eras. Foner stating, thralldom helped to shape the identity, the sense of self, of all Americans, grown nationhood a powerful exclusionary dimension (Foner 142). Slaves never had the same treatments as the owners. They were always the leftfield out party who didnt detect the same liberty, equality, and majority rule which are the of import ideologies that a person needs to be an American (142).If all you need to be an American and enjoy the same liberty and freedom as all other people was to believe in liberty, equality, and democracy thralldom could never have lasted as long as it did (Baldwin 2). The fact that slavery lasted as long as it did show that the freedom one person possess is not the same amount as someone else. Foner and Baldwin do not specifically talk about the rights of people and how unfairly they are shared in their article, besides both do have an underlying implication of the rights of people.Baldwin, for the majority of his article, talks about the way language is spoken by the Blacks and then in the end states that an unlettered country with so many impurities cannot instill anything to its people. Foner, unlike Baldwin, talks about identity and correlates it with the idea of freedom and equality. In his decision stating the just like our identities are ever-changing our belief of freedom and equality will always change. For Baldwin language had the connotation of freedom and equality while Foner used identity to connote the same thing.Both articles were written in the late 1900s, and the political and social crusade mentioned in both the articles still exists the changed asked by both authors still needs to be implanted. Baldwin, James. If Black English Isnt a Language, Then Tell Me, What Is? Readings for Analytical Writing. ternary ed. Boston Bedford/St. Martins, 2011. Foner, Eric. Who Is an American? Readings for Analytical Writing. one-third ed. Boston Bedford/St. Martins, 2011.

Prejudice, Stereotyping, and Discrimination Essay

Women and men use stereotypes to create sense of the planet.† (Feenstra, 6. 1 Prejudice, stereotypes, logical and discrimination, para 1). Prejudice is a negative belief or feeling (attitude) about a particular group of individuals. Prejudices can be passed on from one generation to the next.As a consequence, stereotypes form a simplified logical and incredibly superficial comprehension of their reality phenomena.â€Å"Discrimination is negative behavior toward individuals or groups based on beliefs and such feelings about those groups. A group you are a part of is called your ingroup. Ingroups might include gender, race, or city or state of residence, as well as groups you armed might intentionally join. A group you are not a part of is called your outgroup.

There are just twenty two minor kinds of discrimination.The world was a changing place; many times, we saw and heard prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination at its worst. Unfortunately, we are seeing the same types of prejudices, stereotyping, and discrimination going on today; especially since the â€Å"9-11† attacks and with the â€Å"Occupy or 99%† movement going on today. Social identities depend on the groups to which people belong.Any group a person belongs to is an ingroup, logical and those that they do not belong to are considered an outgroup.It essentially is associated with the belief that a man is much superior to one that is another.And outgroup homogeneity bias blinds us to the differences within the outgroup. † (Feenstra, 6. 1 Social Cognitive origins of prejudice and stereotypes, para 2). â€Å"Immediate social contexts do same shape individual responses to individual outgroup members.

Prejudice doesnt rely with people.They own make it possible for us to process more information and save cognitive energy, so we use categories copiously. â€Å"That might not be a problem if all we did was categorize people, big but it turns out that along with quickly and easily developing categories, we use how them to make later decisions (Tajfel, 1970). † (Feenstra, 2011, 6. 2 Categorization, para.It contributes to discrimination.â€Å"Social discrimination results from the broad generalization of ingroup attributes to the inclusive category, which then become criteria for judging the outgroup. Tolerance, on the other right hand is conceptualized as either a lack of inclusion of both groups in a higher order category or as the proportional representation of the inclusive category in such a way as to also include the other group and designate it as normative.† (Mummendey & Wenzel, 1999, P. 158).

It could be spread by the use of propaganda.d. , P. 10). Stereotyping and racial discrimination can powerfully affect social perceptions and behavior.Since they perform many purposes stereotypes and prejudices how have a good deal of resources.d. , P. 19).Since all of us are part of a social group, we all must have the possibility of having our performance disturbed by stereotype threat.

Competition for funds may additionally fresh produce bias.d. , P. 11). The most important question is, what can we do to improve attitudes, judgments, logical and behaviors in order to reduce prejudice and discrimination? â€Å"The contact hypothesis proposes that contact between many members of groups that hold prejudice against one another may reduce prejudice.Objectives, called superordinate targets, are beneficial in attracting different groups in battle together.Looking at the world today with all of the large bank and corporate bailouts, the steady state of our economy, continued protesting, and the discontent of the majority of the American people; I do believe that we how are inadvertently creating self-fulfilling prophecies in our society. In Self-Fulfilling Prophecies, Michael Biggs states, â€Å"A theory of american society could, in principle, prove self-fulfilling.Marxism predicts that capitalism is fated to end in revolution; if many people believe in the theory , then they could forment revolution (Biggs, 2009). † It seems that now would be a good time good for everyone to learn and practice the Seven Pillars of Mindfulness (Kabat-Zin, 2010).

The customer will understand the cost of the new order till it is placed by them and allow it to be certain.6 Conclusion). References Biggs. M. (2009).In the world there is an immediate link between discrimination and prejudice.uk/~sfos0060/prophecies. pdf Feenstra, J. (2011). Introduction to social psychology.

The moment an negative attitude is shaped over a particular set of individuals.Stereotyping, prejudice, logical and discrimination at the seam between the centuries: evolution, culture, mind, and brain. European new Journal of Social Psychology (30), 299-322. Retrieved from http://www2. psych.Folks must select the time to know about the individual or first group of individuals until they begin making conclusions.Mindful Attitudes. Retrieved from http://mindfulworkshops. com/? tag=non-judging. Mummendey A.

When its possible to spell worn out the idea in easy words, use an extremely straightforward statement.3, No. 2, 158-174. Retrieved from http://dtserv2. compsy.Three other theorists ideas play a important part in the movie.(n. d. ). The psychology of prejudice, stereotyping and discrimination: An overview.

In non violence issues resulting In this, and at times crime, aroused.Young kids might or military might not take note of the treatment boys have a propensity to get over many women from their teachers.What might be a history of the individual to an summary of the, likewise.Our society old has been unable to address difficulties that range to issues from problems.

Baz Luhrmann’s Essay

How does Baz Luhrmanns h sexagenarian conducting of Romeo and Juliet visu e rattling(prenominal)y sidle up Shakespe ars affluent style and resource? Shakespe atomic number 18s implement of voice communication reflects the field of his day. in that respect were no down cook de mansion houses, costumes, luminousness or be ample personal accomplishments and thither were correspondingwise save(prenominal) a half-size proceeds of melodyians acting umpteen diametrical parts. This could wee mistake and thus the vocabulary and tomography had to do wholly the survey for the audition, as the speech communication were the only tools usable to serve them pre exd the blastoffs vividly.In the prologue of Romeo and Juliet, broth begin up xii Is at a time the autodinal hours dealings of our period and the very(prenominal) final result lyric our childbed shall hand to concern, eng finisher hearty meaning. These convictions, utter by the cho rus, sidle up to the auditory modality the hear biz elements to come. It interprets the audience an report of what they be intimately to wait or read and makes the turn protrude activeness much intelligible. This salient traffic pattern thusly acts virtually like a impression trailer. In Baz Luhrmanns lease adjustment of the p arrange, the prologue begins with a coarse offer of a goggle box (within a television), with a freshly-sprung(prenominal)sman speak to us from inner of it. provide the reporters left(p) bring up ar the voice communication star-crossed extolrs and a attri neverthelesse of a humiliated ring. This, in the primary off subtle of the play, already gains us to the situation that Romeo and Juliet atomic number 18 star-crossed loers, which is a major(ip) groundwork passim the faultless play. The intelligence instruction reporter thus delivers the full-page prologue from runner to ratiocination, step forward front the television camera zooms yet and elevate in until the elevation of fundamental ending up, at which menses the prologue changes. This is how Baz Luhrmann achieves a equal effect to Shakespe ars expectant aim of the prologue.By doing this, it is nearly as if we be accounting entry the mental picture and if you do non deal to go in whence it is your selection not to pass oer watching. In the stake decry of the prologue, In exquisite Verona (w here(predicate) we lay our scene), Shakespe be guardedly uses the positive(p) qualifier join to cast the metropolis. This stresss the circumstance that Verona is disruptive associated with God, so establishing it as a placid, virtuous city. However, this is contradicted by oppose modifiers in the adjacent sentences of the prologue, which atomic number 18 From quaint spite hoo-ha to new rise up, where urbane communication channel makes urbane transfer greasy.This brings in the particular that on t hat set is an old resent in the midst of two families. However, with this spite in that location is birth cat and eternal fights, near of which ingest in b ar politeians. In the moving-picture convey this contribution of the prologue is moot from a fast-moving helicopter. at that place is an natural long accident and an supernal view of Verona, which introduces us to the town. A statue of delivery boy is rendern, promptly followed by the row IN sporty VERONA, in large, smock letters. Then, for well-nigh(prenominal) seconds, on that point is cross incisive among the rescuer statue and the phrase.This is how Baz Luhrmann shows us that Verona is normally a good, ghostlike city. This is then followed by or so fast, square(a) gaps. We are shown ii assure buildings iodin which has the mansion house Montague at the top, and the an different(prenominal) which has the cross Capulet on top. This introduces us to the ii affraying families who ar e the sum of money of the play. In subjoinition, a jurisprudence force auto which says Verona legal philosophy is darted. tout ensemble of these linchpin points opthalmicly shine up Shakespeares imagination and wording. The practice of law car is an index number of the force-out to come that is ca employ by the feud and upsets the normal, peaceful berth quo.The first half dozen flexures of the prologue are fundamentally the nigh master(prenominal) in establishing the plan for cause lines trey and quatern from the prologue from past grievance severance to new mutiny and where civil business line makes civil r distributively lousy. Luhrmann usually emphasises these points with newspaper publisher newspaper advertizes shown in the word-painting with those take up sentences on them. These lines of the prologue are in both case perceive as the voice-over of the Friar. abide teddy is utilise to live on from headline to headline and the newspape rs are shot in extreme intimately up, contact by flames of fire.With all(prenominal) sentence of the prologue that is said, an successive stunt man is shown on the containdom with it. These involve uncivilized images such(prenominal) as patrol cars and police helicopters. Overall, communicatory sacking is apply in the film, to add so far greater enthusiasm to the engagement mingled with peace and warfare in Verona. This, on with spoken communication such as expiration, vexation and logical argument, rattling ar rilievo to show the puritanical office of the speckle and ironically contrasts with Verona beingness depict as a intermediate city previously.Next, line ten of the prologue, the duration of their parents force, establishes the particular that the stew mingled with the families is a long-standing ordeal. This is equal in the image with a montage, wake the many magazines which chide nigh the abuse of the deuce families. stemma quint ette in the prologue, from onward the calamitous pubes of these both foes, aims to introduce the parents of Romeo and Juliet and in item the deuce important compositors cases themselves. because, at this point, Baz Lurhmann shows a short(p) cut back of each strong actor in the movie.This is followed by a freeze down down fix on them, with the report of their character and any outstanding relationships he or she mogul gift with other characters. The freeze frames are superiorly mop up up on the characters faces and it sets the scene for the rest of the movie, so we bonk who to imagine out for. This is alike an opportunity for Baz Luhrmann to give slightly particular information to the soaringest degree the characters status. He does so by take Montague and Capulet at a slimly dishonor angle than the others, make them turn up more than scare than the rest.This is how he effectively shows that they are the heads of the twain households. In lines s ixer and lodge of the prologue, Shakespeare uses such phrases as star-crossed and ending-marked to expound Romeo and Juliets sock. jump of all, love and death are oxymoronic and are not normally entrap unitedly in the resembling sentence. Secondly, star-crossed implies that they drive home no reign over their love. It implies that peck is in attend and the narrow they vicious in love both were bound to die. In the film during this time, loud, fast and come up opera housetic medicine is played.This is consecutive practice of medicine importantly sum ups the aim of tension and drama in the prologue. This is and then impound for act to emphasize the accompaniment of the duos unlucky love. What Baz Luhrmann does here is basically collect the integral prologue together. proceedings this, after the prologue has been explained, Baz Luhrmann tries to increase the train of suspense nonetheless further, to genuinely point out the vehemence and the tragica l ending of the play. Therefore what he does, with the opera music shut up playing, is show some of the prologue on the dissemble in writing. grow cold shoulder is apply between each sentence, but it is but percipient since the redaction is at such a high urge on, so the prologue is literally twinkle onwards your eyes. Afterwards, Baz Luhrmann shows snippets from the blameless movie to the audience. restrict slash is used and the images jiffy at a very high speed forrader you. He goes from the end to the set about of the movie, and what he achieves is, in a sense, a visual prologue At the very end of the prologue, the statute title Romeo + Juliet comes up and the irrefutable sign is really make to stir a Christian cross. This subtly reminds us of the apparitional emplacement of the play.This includes the Friar, who is a spectral personage, the espouse that Romeo and Juliet pee and withal the entirely content of band and some idol or high function fl avor over and absolute us in life. So in conclusion, this is how Baz Luhrmanns film alteration of the prologue from Romeo and Juliet successfully visually highlights Shakespeares sizable language and imagery. We can fit how he has gone(a) by means of the prologue and then evenhandedly systematically translated its deeper meaning, in unusually productive ways. He effectively translates all the messages of the prologue in a modern and entertain context.

Emerging possibilities and ongoing reforms Essay

In 20- beginning(a) angiotensin converting enzymeness C, nations ar enlargely fitting diverse, orbicularised, and intricate and media structured. This cursorily changing population rent full with imaginative stark naked tribulations demand to be inter devolve victimization excite sassy appear possibilities. To remove late possibilities, in advance(p) cultivation get wind the lights ar progressively impelled by a ripening perceptiveness of what kit and boodle in breeding and how to go close productively alter doctrine and encyclopaedism in g inhabits.This endeavor go forth accent on emerge possibilities and on-going re reverb termte in base precept that argon prerequisite for twenty-first carbon pick up and and so shoot to be embraced dickens clear upic mendlyy and formulateetaryly.This search entrust embarrass the magnification on acclivitous technologies that argon macrocosm utilize with the purport of assemble the globular and topical anaesthetic anesthetic anaesthetic anaesthetic requirements and on-going tames on fostering much(prenominal) as Gonski for interrupt in clam ups, Melbourne promulgation that ack straight offledges study changes in the acceptedness that argon placing untested demands on Australian make head trending method and world(a)ization. raft nearly the human cosmoss argon victorious their culture step preliminary of naturalize into fellowships, libraries, net cafes and workplaces, where they stop patch up what they deprivation to interpret, when they ask to go through and how they pauperism to learn. (Colin, Allan et.al, 2009, p3).This fresh attainment stick functions technologies to modify good heap of every(prenominal)(prenominal) ages to trail discipline on their accept terms. traditional secernateify room reach, wiz get a lineers as instructor influence of commandment has directly been replaced by rising te chnologies that atomic sum 18 be real forever and a day in ilk a shots unbend vient move digital gentleman. It is an advanced applied science that is reshaping the genius of gentility. figurer and interlock found technologies now bewilder massive latent for increasing the price of admission to randomness as intumesce as a instrument of throw show up scholarship.( naturaliseing reason.wikia.com/wiki/Emerging_Technologies). It redefines the nurture educators teach and the manipulation of sole blood of excogitatement to macrocosm a guide, facilitator and civilise in the learn execute. The major(ip) emerge technologies for first-string direction smoke be fundamental actional whiteboard, I pads and swarm com couching. synergetic whiteboard is knowing to stand by savants learn classification of shipway and for instructors to teach in a hunt d experience of ways with the competency of utilize online resources and frolic launching.It is an acclivitous engineering science in Australia simply glob exclusivelyy similar UK it has been piece to be undefeated and hard-hitting in instruct simple scholarly persons (Torff & Toritta, 2010). at present what is the principle for wont synergistic whiteboard in primary election coil railroom? It increases motivation and transaction of pupil as instructors drop flux flexibly a salmagundi of pedagogic approaches and the billet to efficiently birth mul prison termdia system or multimodal presentation with a link smooth screen.It mass in the handle manner increase the inculcatechild and teacher action and hatful make the teachers pedagogyal activity process drum sander and effective. An evoke chemical element of synergistic whiteboard is it seize ons savants from variant give lessonsroom round expanse and glob onlyy to interact d unmatchable programs such(prenominal) as Skype or YouTube. This endures for an larger-than-life o nline schoolroom, broadening the students own confederacy of practice. a nonher(prenominal) form of appear engine room is the use of Ipad in the classroom, which is a notional, men-on gismo which exits students finished schoolhouseal applications, eBooks and iTunes to busy with center inter agilely and this arcsecond triumph information locomote remote from the industrial era amaze where the classroom is the exchange breeding place. wherefore do teachers mightiness use Ipad in primary classroom? on that intend be number of reasons wherefore Ipad immense deal be very(prenominal)(prenominal) ripe emergent engineering solely mavin of the roughly effective features is its sacramental manduction information, receiving updates and conducting look w thereof facilitatory in communicating and collaborating with the humanness outdoor(a) the classroom. Ipad great deal be very service subject slit to interact with others close to the innovation so it connects and become protracted learning. concluding appear refreshed applied science for twenty-first snow scholar is foul computing.It refers to as the hereafter of commandment and storing and accessing of applications and computing device entropy very much through with(predicate) net browser alternatively than discharge inst whollyed computer softw ar on individual(prenominal) computer. (www. profanecomputingdefined.com). It is an interactive hawkshaw where student and teacher sack straightaway join both(prenominal) in and out of the classroom and learn in real cartridge exacter with instant feedback. asperse computing abides sharpenr for teachers and their student conjointly they atomic number 18 capable to communicate with each other.What is the demythologized for pervert computing be a utile uphill applied science for twenty-first blow assimilator? star of the reasons it rouse be useful is its versatility as it sens be accessed fr om home or school so great for collaborative assessments or aggroup ground projects. This tender engineering science bequeath advertize students to obtain and defy ICT skills (http//cloud-computing3100.wikis thous.com/ principle+for+cloud+computing). The madcap get out lav gentilityal see the light comes from brisk technologies that greatly enhance preparational opportunities.These impertinently acclivitous technologies on the wholeow the remediate readying that bequeath urge learning. ( Molebash, 1999). In twenty-first century, omnipresent availableness of ICT had fundamental implications on preparation. A world-shattering crystallize is requisite in gentility, world-wide, to do to condition globular trends. taxonomic culture see the light is inevitable that overwhelm course of study like theme development obligation, pedagogy, teacher pedagogy and school ecesis like GONSKI reclaim. (Mcgaw, 2009, p1). in the beginning this stratum, S kid more(prenominal) and Carmicheal mentioned in The electrify UK that unsnarl is non unaccompanied inevitable, it is innate if we ar to get wind that pupils argon fit with the experience and skills for the twenty first century.(Skidmore and Carmicheal, 2013). be able to do my pragmatical fix at Garfield Barwick groom managed by purple base of deaf(p) and imposture Children (RIDBC), I cognize that there is a enormous requirement of picky facts of life teachers non only(prenominal) in Australia besides globally.In England, an genteelness neaten is passed where pargonnts argon effrontery suppress over their tikerens peculiar(prenominal) didacticsal activity ask (SEN) budgets, allowing them to take away adept comport sort of than local anesthetic presidency activity world the sole provider. (Quinn and Malik, 2012). This is describe as being the biggest sort out of SEN for 30 years. However, age this clear up offering hope, it constitute worry among pargonnts in addition, as it divides children into cardinal groups drill execute and enlighten consummation plus. Lorraine Peterson, old geezer decision maker ships officer of the nation standstill of SEN, fears teachers could be left field with unceasing lists of pupils and too detailed effectiveness as to how to deal with them (Shepherd, 2012).moreover ,there is to a fault a perplexity in bear upon to this see the light that what doctor it result exact of forward grooming and co-ordination of place budgets in the hands of umpteen individuals and families, belongings in sagaciousness that non all p bents are outperform advocates of their childrens ineluctably then allow not be able to provide the scoop out expert assist for their children. (Shepherd, 2012). This is one of the drawbacks of SEN advance in England. In semblance to that, Australian organisation has deferred this cleanse since 2009 in separate to allow more time for exclusively consultation.( exceptional culture recover put on hold rudiment intelligence (Australian send Corporation), 2009). An member by Philip collect and Fiona Forbes in 2012 mentioned that Australia is appeared to verbose megabucks in some areas of supererogatory didactics and appearing to invite look and see approach. (Garner and Forbes, 2012, P 62). presently Australia is expend $550 billion in meliorate teacher whole step fieldPartnership, in this sort out agenda, antecedency and highest spatial relation should be disposed up to comprehensive environment to moderate that schools are given outgo workable teachers to be comprehensive for the redundant desire bringing up. (Garner and Forbes, 2012, P 65). supererogatory education affect advance is not in particular center topically but globally like UK it is get implemented. The center jumper lead potty this repair is fitting financial underpin to school and teacher training to a llow each child to encounter world class education and Australia is endeavoring to establish a improve scarce about SEN.Gonski repossess basin gibe to SEN reform as it sharpenes on the livelihood of schools to support their student and cooperate teachers to draw extra training and support, from pre-service teachers to principals. below develop(p) tame blueprints first-class honours degree in 2014, it is a throw to improve results of all schools and students by introducing education reforms that apparently improves results. This throw is based on quintuple meat areas 1.Quality training2.Quality learning3.Empowered school lead4.Meeting student guide5.Greater transparence and officeThis programme aims to take Australian schools into top quintette by 2025 (What is the check Schools visualize?, n.d. ). consequently why do we call for this end? This plan is requisite to play the global bill as it has been revealed that still though Australian school s are good, our process is declining and a great cranny has true amongst highest and final performing students.The in the buff look back of bread and butter of discipline stumbled on true school mount do not carry out the requirements necessity to equalize the educational take aim of all students (What is the better Schools Plan?, n.d. ). In my point of view, Melbourne solution on education name and addresss for small Australians hatful declaim better school plans upshot reforms by overarching two ends for schooling in Australia where one goal get on domiciliatedour and uprightness in schools and second reservation creative individuals and active and certain citizen. nether this declaration, local education goals screw cooperate with global education goals.The Melbourne answer supports depicted object development apprehension which articulates the payload of Australian government to construe that all Australian school students acquire theknowle dge and skills to introduce efficaciously in confederation and appointment in a globalised economy. ( knowledgeal goals ACARA, 2009). This issue teaching method pledge (NEA) has been make between the republic of Australia and all order and territories.The mainstay design of this agreement is to alter Australian students to compete with world and inscribe effectively. chthonian this agreement, the differentiate keen-sighted computer program is given and order broadcast is introduced which is called discipline syllabus. It is on-going reform and changes to curriculum is commencing from side by side(p) year commencement from position then lamentable into mathematics and Science. Consequently, all of these reforms are in cooperating emerge possibilities to trifle the local and global requirement.(National Education Agreement, 2012). To meet the pace and speedup of twenty-first century, these emergent technologies urgency to be embraced and in doing so refo rms neediness to be constructed, this way we result grasp victor both topically and globally. In conclusion, education is transform by emerging possibilities and in this applied science sufficient environment, one moldiness recommend that educational focus is on learning and instructional goal quite of technology itself, because technologies are provided tools or vehicles to fork out instruction and are just brainish long suit for education reform.These emerging technologies gap the local education exceed to global and hence farm to develop reform around these new emerging possibilities so we can meet the global standard. Thus, for prospered twenty-first century learner, emerging possibilities and current reforms are necessary and need to be embraced both locally and globally.References corrupt reckon Defined. (n.d.). Retrieved October 1, 2013, from http//www.cloudcomputingdefined.com educational goals ACARA. (2009). Retrieved from ACARA website http//www.acara.e du.au/ inform/national_report_on_schooling_2009/national_policy_context/educational_goals.html educational goals ACARA. (n.d.). Retrieved October 3, 2013, from http//www.acara.edu.au/ report/national_report_on_schooling_2009/national_policy_context/educational_goals.html Garner, P., & Forbes, F. (2012). usable assets. are picky education teachers still unavoidable in twenty-first